Learning items

Thinking in systems

No chapter association

Concept

Delays and overshoot

Delayed information or action can cause a response to continue past a target.

Concept

Negative feedback

A feedback response counteracts a deviation or change.

Concept

Reinforcing feedback

A loop can amplify changes by feeding its effects back into their causes.

Concept

Self-organization and hierarchy

Systems can develop new organization within interacting levels.

Concept

Stocks and flows

Stocks accumulate; inflows and outflows change their amounts over time.

Concept

System resilience

Resilience is the capacity to keep or regain essential function after disturbance.

Thinking in systems

Donella H. Meadows, Diana Wright