Learning items
Bowling Alone
No chapter association
ConceptBonding and bridging social capital
Ties within a group and ties across groups can offer different kinds of support.
ConceptCivic associations
Voluntary organizations can create repeated opportunities for cooperation.
ConceptMembership and participation
Being listed as a member differs from interacting and doing collective work.
ConceptParticipation measurement
A comparison needs a defined activity, population, and denominator.
ConceptPolitical participation
People can engage in political life through voting and many other activities.
ConceptSocial capital
Networks and associated trust and reciprocity can help people act together.
